Learn the Runes
The 24 runes of the Elder Futhark
ᚠᚢᚦᚨᚱᚲ
The Elder Futhark is the oldest widely attested runic row. Its 24 characters were used during the early Germanic Iron Age. The rune names shown here are scholarly reconstructions based largely on later rune-name traditions.
History first. SagaRune separates historical evidence from modern spiritual interpretations.
All 24 runes
ᚠ
Fehu
Cattle · wealth
Sound: fᚢ
Uruz
Aurochs
Sound: uᚦ
Thurisaz
Giant · thurs
Sound: þᚨ
Ansuz
God · Æsir
Sound: aᚱ
Raidō
Riding · journey
Sound: rᚲ
Kenaz
Sore · ulcer
Sound: kᚷ
Gebo
Gift
Sound: gᚹ
Wunjo
Joy
Sound: wᚺ
Hagalaz
Hail
Sound: hᚾ
Nauthiz
Need · constraint
Sound: nᛁ
Isa
Ice
Sound: iᛃ
Jera
Year · harvest
Sound: jᛇ
Eihwaz
Yew
Sound: ïᛈ
Perthro
Meaning uncertain
Sound: pᛉ
Algiz
Name/meaning debated
Sound: zᛊ
Sowilo
Sun
Sound: sᛏ
Tiwaz
Týr
Sound: tᛒ
Berkano
Birch
Sound: bᛖ
Ehwaz
Horse
Sound: eᛗ
Mannaz
Human · person
Sound: mᛚ
Laguz
Water · lake
Sound: lᛜ
Ingwaz
Ing
Sound: ŋᛞ
Dagaz
Day
Sound: dᛟ
Othala
Inheritance · estate
Sound: o